This book summarizes the effective reinforcement of scaffolds by means of different kinds of fibers and tubes to meet different needs in the context of tissue repair. It covers the fabrication of the reinforced scaffolds, the factors influencing their properties, and their applications for hard and soft tissue repair. Further, it presents a range of concrete examples, case studies and research frontiers, providing readers a better understanding of how the respective fibers or tubes influence the mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility and bioactivity of scaffolds, and how they fulfill specific medical requirements. As such, the book provides a valuable and informative resource for researchers, technicians and students in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.