This is the third volume in a series of books devoted to the mechanisms and functional significance of two forms of synaptic plasticity, Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) and Long-Term Depression (LTD), which are widely assumed to play critical roles in information processing and storage in the brain. Long-Term Potentiation offers the most recent hypotheses concerning the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying LTP and LTD, discusses the functional significance of LTP and LTD in neuronal networks, and reviews several examples of network simulations incorporating LTP- and LTD-like rules of synaptic modification. The book is organized into several sections covering different aspects of the field ranging from molecular and cellular processes to network models. The often deliberately controversial contributions are from the leading laboratories in the field and reflect contemporary multidisciplinary approaches.