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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated.1885 Excerpt: ... CHAPTER XXXIX. FALLACIES (2.) MATERIAL FALLACIES. 709. Before proceeding to consider the Material Fallacies, or those in which, while the conclusion actually follows from the premisses, it is yet incorrect in point of fact, or irrelevant to the point at issue, it is necessary to observe the relations of true and false premisses to the character of the conclusion, as itself true or false. On this subject the following rules may be laid down: --(1.) If both premisses be true, that is, correct representa'tions of reality, and if the conclusion be validly drawn therefrom, we have the certainty of a true conclusion, or judgment in harmony with fact. This is grounded, as Aristotle has pointed out, on the law of Non-contradiction. If A being, B necessarily is; and B not being, A necessarily is not; then if A is true, B is necessarily true: otherwise, the same thing (A) would at one and the same time be and not be.1 (2.) If one premiss be true, and the other false, or even if both premisses be false, and the conclusion be correctly drawn from them, the conclusion may yet be true in point of fact. In this case we have not a sufficient reason for onr belief in the truth of the conclusion, so far as this argument goes; but we may still correctly hold the conclusion as true in point of fact. (a) One premiss false. Thus: --No white is animate; All snow is white; Therefore no snow is animate. 1 An. Pr., ii. 2. Here the conclusion is true in point of fact, but not becauso of the reason given. (b) Both premisses false. Thus: --No man is animate; Every stone is a man; Therefore no stone is animate. Here, also, the conclusion is true in point of fact, but not because of the reason given. In these cases the true emerges by chance, as Aristotle remarks--not from the necess...
| ISBN-13 | 9781150561016 |
|---|---|
| ISBN-10 | 1150561017 |
| Weight | 1.44 Pounds |
| Dimensions | 9.00 x 6.00 x 1.00 In |
| List Price | $29.31 |
| Format | Paperback |
|---|---|
| Pages | 448 pages |
| Publisher | |
| Published On | 2009-12-01 |
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