Written by two of the leading experts in critical thinking, this book focuses on an integrated, universal concept of critical thinking that is both substantive and applicable to any and every situation in which human thinking is necessary. It provides readers with the basic intellectual tools needed for life-long learning, helping them understand the mind and how its three functions--thinking, feeling, motivating--influence one another. This book fosters the development of fair-minded critical thinking and explores intellectual standard of clarity, precision, accuracy, logicalness, significance, depth, breadth, and fairness; the importance of good questioning; and the intellectual tools to read for deep and lasting comprehension and write in ways that show clarity of thought. The fourth edition features -Think for Yourself activities -Glossary of critical thinking terms -New chapter on argumentation -New chapters on critical thinking in different professions and areas of life -Discussion of the Internet's effects on our lives -Updated discussions of media bias and irrational egocentric and sociocentric thought The Foundation for Critical Thinking continually offers new supplementary resources on its website (www.CriticalThinking.org) and online critical thinking community.