Perl and CGI for the World Wide Web

ISBN-10: 0201735687

ISBN-13: 9780201735680

Authors: Elizabeth Castro

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This guide empowers even brand-new Web developers and programmers with the skills they need to build interactivity into their sites.

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Binding: Paperback Publisher: Peachpit Press Number of pages: 336 Dimensions: 7.00" wide x 8.75" long x 0.50" tall Weight: 1.144 lbs. Language: English




Introduction


What Is a Program?


Why Perl?


What about CGI?


Security Issues


Perl and HTML


About This Book


What This Book Is Not


What's New


The Perl and CGI VQS Guide Web Site



Perl Building Blocks


Perl Data


Operators and Functions


Quotation Marks


Quoting without Quotes


Statement, Blocks, and Scope


Declaring Private Variables


The Shebang Line


Creating a Perl CGI Script


Creating Output for a Browser


Documenting Your Script


Checking the Script's Syntax



About Servers, Perl, and CGI.pm


What Is a Server?


The Importance of Directories


Ask Your Web Host!


Getting a Perl Interpreter


Getting CGI.pm



Running Perl CGI on a Unix Server


Which Perl Are They Running?


What About CGI.pm?


Installing Scripts on Unix Servers


Uploading Your Script


Changing Permissions


Testing Your Unix Server



Testing Scripts Locally on Windows


Installing the Xitami or Sambar Server


Installing Personal Web Server


Installing IIS on Windows 2000


Displaying File Extensions


Testing Your Server (Part 1)


Installing the Perl Interpreter


Installing CGI.pm


Installing Scripts on Windows Servers


Testing Your Server (Part II)



Testing Scripts Locally on the Mac


Installing Personal Web Sharing


The Root Web Directory


Carefully Sharing the Root Web Directory


Starting the Web Sharing Server


Testing the Server (Part 1)


Installing MacPerl


Installing CGI.pm


Installing Scripts on Mac Servers


Testing Your Server (Part II)



Getting Data from Visitors


Labeling Incoming Data


Creating a Form


Creating Text Boxes


Creating Password Boxes


Creating Larger Text Areas


Creating Radio Buttons


Creating Checkboxes


Creating Menus


Creating the Submit Button


Resetting the Form


Using an Image to Submit Data


Creating a Link to a Script


Using a Link to Input Data to a Script



Environment Variables


Your Visitor's Browser and Platform


Viewing Available Environment Variables


Storing Data from Environment Variables



Getting Data into the Script


Getting Single-Valued Form Data


Getting Multiple-Valued Form Data


Getting All the Form Element's Names


Getting All the Names and Values



Simple Operations with Scalars


Assigning a Value to a Scalar Variable


Multiplying, Dividing, Adding, Subtracting


Using More Than One Operator


Raising a Number to an Exponential Power


Using Mathematical Functions


Getting the Remainder of a Division


Connecting Strings Together


Repeating a String


Operating and Assigning in One Step


Incrementing (or Decrementing) a Variable



Conditionals and Loops


Comparing Numbers


Comparing Strings


Evaluating Conditions without Comparisons


Testing Two or More Comparisons at a Time


Creating a Basic Conditional Statement


Adding Options for False Conditions


Adding Multiple, Independent Conditions


Using Unless


Repeating a Block for Each Item in an Array


Loading the Default Variable


Repeating a Block While a Condition Is True


Repeating a Block While a Condition Is False


Executing the Block at Least Once


Repeating a Block a Given Number of Times


Nesting Conditional Statements


Skipping a Loop Iteration


Jumping out of a Loop Altogether



Working with Arrays


Assigning a List to an Array Variable


Referring to a Particular Item in an Array


Referring to Multiple Items from an Array


Adding or Replacing an Item in an Array


Adding to the End or Beginning of an Array


Removing the Last Item from an Array


Removing the First Item from an Array


Replacing More Than One Item in an Array


Finding the Length of an Array


Modifying All the Members of an Array


Sorting Arrays


Reversing the Order of an Array's Contents



Subroutines


Creating a Simple Subroutine


Using a Simple Subroutine


Creating a Subroutine That Takes Input


Calling a Subroutine That Takes Input


Using a Subroutine's Return Value


Setting the Return Value Manually


Storing Subroutines in an External File


Calling Subroutines from an External File



Working with Hashes


Assigning a List to a Hash


Getting a Value by Using a Key


Adding or Replacing a Key-Value Pair


Getting Several Values Using Keys


Getting All of a Hash's Keys


Getting All of a Hash's Values


Getting Each Key and Value in a Hash


Getting the Pairs in a Specified Order


Removing Key-Value Pairs


Checking to See If a Key Exists



Analyzing Data


Finding Something


Finding and Replacing


Seeing and Using What Was Found


Splitting a Value into Pieces


Constructing Search Patterns


Tips for Constructing Search Patterns


Matching a Single Character


Matching a String of Characters


Matching a Character from a Group


Matching a Character That's Not in the Group


Using Class Shorthands


Limiting the Location


Choosing How Many to Match


Curbing a Quantifier's Greediness


Matching One Element or Another


More on Using What You Already Matched



Remembering What Visitors Tell You


About Hidden Fields


Adding Hidden Fields to a Form


Storing Collected Data in a Hidden Field


About Cookies


Looking at Your Browser's Cookies


Sending a Cookie


Setting a Cookie's Expiration Date


Limiting a Cookie to a Domain


Limiting a Cookie to a Part of Your Server


Limiting Cookies to Secure Connections


Reading and Using a Cookie


How (and Why) Visitors Refuse Cookies



Formatting, Printing, and HTML


Formatting Output with Perl


Creating a Format Pattern for Integers


Creating a Format Pattern for Non-Integers


Creating a Pattern for Strings


Changing the Case


Changing Characters


Finding the Length of a String


Finding Where Something Is in a String


Extracting One String from Another


Cleaning up the End of a String


Formatting Output with HTML


Printing Several Lines at a Time


Simplifying Paths to Images and Links


Outputting Data in a Table



Security


Reading the Security FAQs


The Problem with Visitor Input


Protecting Calls to the System


Limiting Access to Files


Using CGI.pm to Limit Incoming Data


Keeping Information to Yourself


Avoiding Tainted Data


Cleaning and Using Outside Data



Files and Directories


Opening a File


Verifying File and Directory Operations


Writing to an External File


Getting Exclusive Access to a File


Reading Data from an External File


Closing a File


Renaming a File


Removing a File


Checking a File's Status


Opening a Directory


Reading the Contents of a Directory


Closing a Directory


Changing the Working Directory


Creating a Directory


Changing Permissions from within a Script


Removing a Directory


Getting Ready to E-mail Output


Sending Output via E-mail



Uploading Files


Creating a Form for Uploading Files


Getting the Name of the Uploaded File


Finding out a File's MIME Type


Specifying Where the File Should Be Saved


Reading in and Limiting Uploaded Files



Debugging


Checking the Easy Stuff


Creating an Error Subroutine


Using Perl's Error Reporting


Viewing the System Error Log


Isolating the Problem


Following a Variable's Progress



Using Other Folks' Scripts


Using Other Folks' Scripts


Getting Other People's Scripts


Expanding Compressed Scripts


Configuring Borrowed Scripts


Customizing Borrowed Scripts



Permissions on Unix


Figuring out the Permissions Code


Default Permissions


Who's the Owner?



Unix Essentials


Telnetting to Your Unix Server


Executing Commands in Unix


Dealing with Paths in Unix


Changing the Working Directory


Finding out Where You Are


Listing Directory Contents


Eliminating Files


Creating and Eliminating Directories


Decompressing Tar and Zipped Files


Getting Help with Unix



Perl and CGI Resources


Text Editors


Telnet Programs


Other Folks' Scripts


Learning More


Index

Perl and CGI for the World Wide Web

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